Operators

<< Click to Display Table of Contents >>

Operators

The following operators can be used in formulas:

Operator

Function

+

Addition (for numbers) or concatenation* (for strings)

Subtraction

*

Multiplication

/

Division

%

Modulo (remainder after division)

*The plus sign not only adds numeric values, but also merges strings. For example, "Text"+"Maker" results in "TextMaker".

The order of operations rule applies. Multiplication and division operators take precedence over addition and subtraction operators, thus multiplication and division are performed before addition and subtraction. 2+3*4 equals 14. The order of operations can be modified by parentheses: (2+3)*4 equals 20.

There are also comparative and logical operators, such as those required by the IF function:

Operator

Function

=

Is equal?

< >

Is not equal?

>

Is greater than?

>=

Is greater than or equal to?

<

Is less than?

<=

Is less than or equal to?

&

Logical "And"

|

Logical "Or" (AltGr+< key on a PC keyboard)

!

Negation

Some notes on comparisons

When comparing two strings with "=", the result is only "true" if the strings match exactly and have the same length. The cases of letters are taken into account.

"Hans"="Hans"

is true.

"Hans"="hans"

is false.

"Hans"="Hans-Peter"

is false.

If you construct a complex comparison with several "Ands" and "Ors", you should enclose the individual conditions within parentheses.